Travel Vaccines and Advice for Eritrea
Eritrea is a melting pot of different cultures, giving travelers a glimpse into an incredibly unique life. The country is an beautiful, with clear beaches, towering mountains and vast deserts.
There is also a great amount of biodiversity; elephants, monkeys, leopards, lions, turtles, and birds are found there.
When entering the cities, tourists can admire a diverse mix of modern and colonial architecture. Even the people of Eritrea are known for their friendliness and hospitality. Despite the current political and economic troubles Eritrea is facing, it remains an amazing place for visitors.
On This Page:
Do I Need Vaccines for Eritrea?
Other Ways to Stay Healthy in Eritrea
Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Eritrea?
What Is the Climate Like in Eritrea?
How Safe Is Eritrea?
Visiting Massawa
What Should I Pack for Eritrea?
U.S. Embassy to Eritrea
Do I Need Vaccines for Eritrea?
Yes, some vaccines are recommended or required for Eritrea. The CDC and WHO recommend the following vaccinations for Eritrea: typhoid, hepatitis A, polio, yellow fever, chikungunya, rabies, hepatitis B, meningitis, influenza, COVID-19, pneumonia, chickenpox, shingles, Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis) and measles, mumps and rubella (MMR).
See the bullets below to learn more about some of these key immunizations:
- Typhoid –
Food & Water –
Shot lasts 2 years. Oral vaccine lasts 5 years, must be able to swallow pills. Oral doses must be kept in refrigerator. - Hepatitis A –
Food & Water –
Recommended for most travelers. - Polio –
Food & Water –
Due to an increase in cases globally, an additional adult booster is recommended for most travelers to any destination. - Yellow Fever –
Mosquito –
Required if traveling from a region with yellow fever. May be recommended for Anseba, Debub, Gash Barka, Mae Kel and Semen Keih Bahri. - Chikungunya –
Mosquito –
Few cases reported since 2016. Increased risk for those who may be in more rural areas. - Rabies –
Saliva of Infected Animals –
High risk country. Vaccine recommended for long-term travelers and those who may come in contact with animals. - Hepatitis B –
Blood & Body Fluids –
Recommended for travelers to most regions. - Meningitis –
Airborne & Direct Contact –
Located in the meningitis belt, vaccination is recommended during the dry season (Dec. – June) - Influenza –
Airborne –
Vaccine components change annually. - COVID-19 –
Airborne –
Recommended for travel to all regions, both foreign and domestic. - Pneumonia –
Airborne –
Two vaccines given separately. All 65+ or immunocompromised should receive both. - Chickenpox –
Direct Contact & Airborne –
Given to those unvaccinated that did not have chickenpox. - Shingles –
Direct Contact –
Vaccine can still be given if you have had shingles. - Polio –
Food & Water –
Considered a routine vaccination for most travel itineraries. Single adult booster recommended. - TDAP (Tetanus, Diphtheria & Pertussis) –
Wounds & Airborne –
Only one adult booster of pertussis required. - Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) –
Various Vectors –
Given to anyone unvaccinated and/or born after 1957. One time adult booster recommended.
See the table below for more information:
Recommended Travel Vaccinations for Eritrea |
||
| VACCINE | HOW DISEASE SPREADS | DETAILS |
|---|---|---|
| Typhoid | Food & Water | Shot lasts 2 years. Oral vaccine lasts 5 years, must be able to swallow pills. Oral doses must be kept in refrigerator. |
| Hepatitis A | Food & Water | Recommended for most travelers. |
| Polio | Food & Water | Due to an increase in cases globally, an additional adult booster is recommended for most travelers to any destination. |
| Yellow Fever | Mosquito | Required if traveling from a region with yellow fever. May be recommended for Anseba, Debub, Gash Barka, Mae Kel and Semen Keih Bahri. |
| Chikungunya | Mosquito | Few cases reported since 2016. Increased risk for those who may be in more rural areas. |
| Rabies | Saliva of Infected Animals | High risk country. Vaccine recommended for long-term travelers and those who may come in contact with animals. |
| Hepatitis B | Blood & Body Fluids | Recommended for travelers to most regions. |
| Meningitis | Airborne & Direct Contact | Located in the meningitis belt, vaccination is recommended during the dry season (Dec. – June) |
Routine Vaccinations for Eritrea |
||
| VACCINE | HOW DISEASE SPREADS | DETAILS |
|---|---|---|
| Influenza | Airborne | Vaccine components change annually. |
| COVID-19 | Airborne | Recommended for travel to all regions, both foreign and domestic. |
| Pneumonia | Airborne | Two vaccines given separately. All 65+ or immunocompromised should receive both. |
| Chickenpox | Direct Contact & Airborne | Given to those unvaccinated that did not have chickenpox. |
| Shingles | Direct Contact | Vaccine can still be given if you have had shingles. |
| TDAP (Tetanus, Diphtheria & Pertussis) | Wounds & Airborne | Only one adult booster of pertussis required. |
| Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) | Various Vectors | Given to anyone unvaccinated and/or born after 1957. One time adult booster recommended. |
Specific Vaccine Information
- Typhoid – Typhoid, a bacterial infection, is primarily transmitted through contaminated food, water, or direct contact with infected people. Vaccination is a key preventive measure, recommended for travelers to endemic regions and those at risk due to occupation.
- Hepatitis A – Hepatitis A spreads through contaminated food, water, and close contact. Protect yourself by getting vaccinated with the hepatitis A vaccine and maintaining proper hygiene. Vaccination is a critical step in preventing this contagious liver infection, according to health authorities.
- Yellow Fever – Yellow fever, a viral illness transmitted by infected mosquitoes, can be effectively prevented through vaccination. The yellow fever vaccine offers robust and long-lasting protection for individuals traveling to regions at risk.
- Chikungunya – Chikungunya, transmitted via mosquito bites, poses a health threat. Prevention involves mosquito bite avoidance and vaccination against the disease.
- Rabies – Rabies is a deadly viral illness transmitted mainly through animal bites. Vaccination is pivotal, with pre-exposure and post-exposure options available to protect against this potentially fatal disease.
- Hepatitis B – Hepatitis B, a liver infection spread via infected fluids, can be prevented through safe practices and vaccination. The vaccine stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies, offering strong and enduring immunity against the virus.
- Meningitis – Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, caused by viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms. Symptoms include headache, fever, and stiff neck. The meningitis vaccine protects against various bacterial forms of the disease. Administered through injection, it is crucial for prevention in high-risk groups.
- Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) – Measles, mumps, and rubella are viral infections that can spread through close contact and respiratory droplets. Vaccination is the most effective way to halt their transmission. The MMR vaccine, given in two doses, strengthens immunity, reducing the chances of contracting and spreading these diseases.
Malaria in Eritrea
Malaria is widespread in Eritrea in regions under 7,200 feet elevation. Transmission in Asmara has not been reported. Antimalarials are recommended for all travelers to the country. Atovaquone, doxycycline, mefloquine and tafenoquine are often given to travelers to Eritrea. Malaria parasite are resistant to chloroquine in the region. Be sure to consult with a travel health specialist on which antimalarials are best for your itinerary and health situation.
Proof of Yellow fever vaccination may be required if you enter Eritrea from a country with the virus.
Visit our vaccinations page to learn more. Travel safely with Passport Health and schedule your appointment today by calling or book online now.
Other Ways to Stay Healthy in Eritrea
Prevent Bug Bites in Eritrea
In case of bug bites, cleanse the area, use anti-itch treatments, and resist scratching to prevent infection. Seek medical help for severe reactions or if symptoms of vector-borne diseases emerge post-bite.
Food and Water Safety in Eritrea
Safeguard your health while abroad by researching local cuisine, avoiding tap water, and practicing hand hygiene. Choose reputable eateries, be cautious with ice, and drink in moderation. A travelers’ diarrhea kit is recommended for travel to all regions throughout the world.
Altitude Sickness in Eritrea
At high altitudes, altitude sickness can strike, manifesting as headaches, dizziness, and nausea due to oxygen deprivation. Preventive measures include gradual ascent, hydration, and medication like acetazolamide. If symptoms develop, immediate descent to lower altitudes is essential, along with rest and medical evaluation if symptoms persist.
Infections To Be Aware of in Eritrea
- African Tick-Bite Fever – African Tick-Bite Fever (ATBF) is caused by tick bites in sub-Saharan Africa. To prevent infection, wear long sleeves, use DEET-based repellents, and check for ticks regularly. Consult healthcare experts for advice if traveling to endemic regions.
- Dengue – The CDC describes dengue fever as a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes, presenting symptoms such as rash and joint pain. Prevention strategies focus on reducing mosquito exposure and breeding grounds. Treatment is supportive, emphasizing the importance of mosquito bite prevention.
- Leishmaniasis – Sand fly bites are the main mode of leishmaniasis transmission, but it can spread through other means. Prevention measures include using insect repellents, wearing long clothing, and minimizing outdoor activities during times when sand fly are most active.
- Schistosomiasis – Schistosomiasis, a widespread parasitic disease transmitted through freshwater snails, requires awareness and precautionary actions. Prevention involves refraining from activities in contaminated water and wearing protective clothing. Early recognition of symptoms like fever and seeking medical attention are paramount for timely diagnosis and intervention, minimizing the severity of schistosomiasis-related complications and improving health outcomes.
Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Eritrea?
American travelers visiting Eritrea must have a passport valid for six months beyond the date of departure and a visa. Travelers can apply for a tourist visa, which is valid for up to three months in Eritrea, online. Additionally, the government of Eritrea requires all travelers entering from a country with a risk of yellow fever to show proof of yellow fever vaccination.
Eritrea Entry Requirements |
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| Do I Need A… | For My Trip to Eritrea? | |
|---|---|---|
| Passport |  |
|
| Tourist Visa | |
|
| Business Visa | |
|
| Vaccinations | |
|
Sources: Embassy of Eritrea and U.S. State Department
Passport Health has partnered with industry leaders in travel document services, RushMyPassport and G3 Travel Services. These teams will walk you through the Eritrea visa process step-by-step and handle the sometimes difficult communication with embassies and consulates. Start your visa process today!
What Is the Climate Like in Eritrea?
Eritrea is a country with a hot desert climate that has two seasons, a hot and dry season from June to September, and a warm and wet season from October to May.
Eritrea has several popular tourist destinations, each with its own climate. Asmara, the capital city, has a mild climate year-round, with occasional showers between October and April. Massawa, a port city on the Red Sea coast, is hot and humid, with little rainfall.
Keren, a city in the highlands, has a moderate climate with occasional showers throughout the year. The Dahlak Archipelago, a group of islands off the coast of Massawa, has a hot and dry climate, with very little rainfall.
It’s important to bring appropriate clothing and sunscreen, especially during the summer months. Visitors should check the weather forecast before traveling to any destination.
How Safe Is Eritrea?
Travelers to Eritrea should take certain precautions to stay safe.
It is important to research the current situation before traveling. Check your government’s travel advisories for up-to-date information on safety and security concerns.
Dress modestly, especially in rural areas. Avoid public demonstrations, which are rare in Eritrea, but if you do come across one, avoid getting involved or taking photographs. Be cautious at night, avoid walking alone in isolated areas, and stick to well-lit areas. Do not carry large amounts of cash and only carry what you need for the day.
Respect local customs and traditions and avoid discussing sensitive political topics with locals. Follow COVID-19 protocols such as wearing masks, practicing social distancing, and washing hands.
Eritrea has a rich cultural heritage, and it is important to respect local customs and traditions while staying safe.
Visiting Massawa
Avoid mosquitoes and other bugs
Insect-borne disease are a
threat throughout the world.
Keep the bugs away with
Passport Health’s repellent options!
Massawa is a popular place to visit for tourists. It has a lot of historical significance, with a mix of different cultures and architectural styles. The city has many old buildings, markets, and narrow streets that visitors can walk around.
Massawa is located on the Red Sea coast and has many beautiful beaches, islands and clear waters. These are great for swimming, snorkeling, and diving. The city has diverse marine life, which means visitors can see many different types of fish and sea turtles.
The city is also known for its food and culture, with many different ethnic groups living there. Tourists can visit traditional markets and try local food. Finally, the city is also a great place to attend cultural festivals.
Massawa is a unique and fascinating city that offers a wide range of experiences for tourists.
What Should I Pack for Eritrea?
Eritrea is a still developing nation, meaning it is best to bring some items with you on your trip.
- Money Belt – Due to the crime levels in the country, a money belt will allow you to keep your money and passport safe.
- Plug Adapters – Eritrea power sockets are type C and L, meaning an adapter is needed when traveling.
- Portable Chargers – Electrical power can be unreliable in Eritrea. Bring a backup battery to keep your phone at full charge.
- Jacket – If you’re visiting in the winter, particularly in the highlands, temperatures can get incredibly cold. Pack warm clothes to layer on top of your outfit.
U.S. Embassy to Eritrea
When traveling it is very helpful to find out exactly where the U.S. embassy or consulates are located. Keep the address written down in case you have a legal problem, you lose your passport, or you want to report a crime. Be sure to keep a copy of your passport with you in case you lose the original.
U.S. Embassy Asmara
179 Alaa Street
P.O. Box 211
Asmara, Eritrea
Phone: (291) 1-120-004
Fax: +(291) 1-124-255 and +(291) 1-127-584
Ready to start your next journey? Call us at or book online now!
Customer Reviews
Passport Health – Travel Vaccines for Eritrea
Overall rating: 5 stars – 3 reviews
★★★★★
“great info and care“
“An RN came to meet with the team who are going on a medical mission trip to Eritrea. Her presentation was informative and she was very willing to answer all of the team’s questions.”
Submitted by: Nancy
★★★★★
“Mission Accomplished“
“The nurse gave us a comprehensive presentation and clearly detailed our options. She answered all our questions and put us more at ease regarding our trip to Eritrea. She administered the “shots” expertly — we have no ill effects.”
Submitted by: Marvin
★★★★★
“Very Good Service“
“Our visit to your clinic today was both helpful and time efficient. My daughter needed shots and medicine for her upcoming trip to Eritrea, the nurse, gave us great advice on what was medically necessary.”
Submitted by: Susan
“An RN came to meet with the team who are going on a medical mission trip to Eritrea. Her presentation was informative and she was very willing to answer all of the team’s questions.”
“The nurse gave us a comprehensive presentation and clearly detailed our options. She answered all our questions and put us more at ease regarding our trip to Eritrea. She administered the “shots” expertly — we have no ill effects.”
“Our visit to your clinic today was both helpful and time efficient. My daughter needed shots and medicine for her upcoming trip to Eritrea, the nurse, gave us great advice on what was medically necessary.”
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