With about half the world’s population living in areas at risk, there are millions of cases of dengue reported each year. Dengue is most common in areas such as Southeast Asia, Latin America, Africa, and the western Pacific Islands. Dengue is a virus and is spread to humans through the bite of an infected Aedes species (Ae. aegypti or Ae. albopictus) mosquito. Once you are infected with dengue, you can only treat your symptoms as they appear.
The yellow fever vaccination card, also known as the yellow card (Carte Jaune), is a physical vaccine card that is used to show that someone has been vaccinated against yellow fever. Created by the World Health Organization (WHO), it is currently the only official international certificate of vaccination against yellow fever. Since the yellow fever vaccine provides lifelong immunity, this card does not expire. It’s validity lasts as long as the immunized individual is still alive. But, that’s not to say you won’t need a new one.
We all have some form of understanding of what a vaccine is and how it is administered. It is typically given through a syringe, usually injected into a muscle, whether that be the arm, thigh, or gluteus. There are some exceptions, as there are oral vaccinations as well. But, there was a time when there was a different kind of vaccination for an epidemic that was affecting children all across the United States, and that illness was polio.
The cold, winter months are inevitably upon us.
Unfortunately, this means the onset of the cold and flu season. Some people are also prone to sinus infections during the wintertime. Winter proves to be the premier time for individuals to get sick more easily. This can be chalked up to many reasons, like the cold weather or close quarters indoors to avoid that weather.
Approximately 5-20 percent of the United States’ population gets sick with the flu virus every year, while millions of others in the country are diagnosed with sinus infections.
Typhoid fever can be a life-threatening infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi. Typically, typhoid is spread through sewage contaminated food or water and person-to-person contact. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it’s estimated that between 11 – 20 million people contract typhoid each year with roughly 128,000 – 161,000 cases resulting in death (WHO). There are currently two vaccine options as well as antibiotic treatments available to treat typhoid.
