Toxic shock syndrome can affect anyone – men, children, and menopausal women. It is a condition that results from a Staphylococcus aureus (staph) infection or Streptococcal strain of bacteria. Women aged 15 to 25 who use tampons during menstruation are most at risk of developing toxic shock syndrome (TSS). The first case occurred in 1980 when several healthy women from different states died due to an unexplained illness. It involved a fever, shock, and multiple organ failure. After 1986, TSS cases decreased due to the introduction of federal regulations and the removal of super-absorbent tampons from the market.